Try pinging ipv6.google.com. There is also a test site,
Test your IPv6. which will tell you a lot.
Normally, you will have a link local address, which starts with fe80. Then, if you're using SLAAC, you will have at least 2 global addresses, one is static, based on the MAC address or a random number and 1 - 7 privacy addresses. You get a new one every day with the ones older than 7 days dropping off the list. The newest privacy address is the one used for outgoing connections and the static one, for incoming. The older privacy addresses are kept active to support existing connections, but not used for new ones.
As for the number of segments, one thing that's happening is "::" represents a string of zeros, of whatever length required to fill out the address to 128 bits, so those 5 segments represent fe80, a string of 0, and the least significant 64 bits of the address. You can only use :: once in an address.
The IAID is the interface identifier and the DUID is the device identifier. As for 260, that depends on your ISPs prefix block. Currently, global addresses start with 2 or 3.
https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19253-01...tid/index.html