I'm confused. I don't understand the title of this thread if Bluetooth isn't available. However, even on our old iPhone 5S, there is Bluetooth under Settings - Bluetooth. We have my wife's hearing aids connected to the iPhone via Bluetooth.

Also, I seem to recall reading in the iOS OM that you can control tracks, etc using the headphones, but we don't listen to music on my phone.

Do you have the latest iOS?